With the arrival of the new century, the modern mechanical manufacturing industry is rapidly developing towards high precision, high speed, and high efficiency, which puts higher demands on machining machine toolsHigh speed electric spindleAssembly system. Electric spindles have the advantages of compact structure, light weight, low inertia, low vibration, low noise, and fast response. It can reduce gear transmission, simplify the shape design of machine tools, and easily achieve spindle positioning. It is an ideal structure for electric spindle units.

High speed electric spindle is a functional component with a wide variety of types and applications. The requirements for electric spindles mainly include the following aspects:

The main content is as follows:

This is a popular requirement for high-speed cutting.

The competition in the machine tool market is becoming increasingly fierce, requiring modular and simplified electric spindles.

3. The requirement for processing complex surfaces also requires a compact structure and small space for the electric spindle.

The basic structure and working principle of an electric spindle.

The high-speed spindle unit is a crucial component of high-speed machining machines. The main types of high-speed spindle units are electric spindles, pneumatic spindles, and hydraulic spindles. The output power of different types varies greatly, so the spindle of high-speed machining machines needs to reach the lifting speed in a short time and stop working quickly and accurately at the designated position. This requires the spindle to have high deceleration. If passing through intermediate links such as belts, it will not only cause high-speed slippage, vibration, and noise, but also increase the moment of inertia, which poses great difficulties for the rapid and accurate shutdown of the machine tool. At present, most high-speed machine tools use integrated spindle units with built-in spindle motors, known as built-in electric spindles (built-in spindles), abbreviated as' electric spindles'. It adopts a shell less motor, with the stator of the motor matched with the cooling sleeve inside the spindle unit housing, and the rotating part of the rotor integrated with the machine tool spindle. The speed range of the spindle is completely controlled by the variable frequency AC motor, which combines the variable frequency motor with the machine tool spindle.

The structural characteristics of high-speed electric spindles require careful design and manufacturing of each component in order to achieve good dynamic performance and service life.

The main results of the basic structural principle of high-speed electric spindle are as follows:

(1) The shaft housing is the main component of high-speed electric spindles, and the dimensional accuracy and positioning accuracy of the shaft housing directly affect the overall accuracy of the spindle. The bearing seat hole is usually designed directly on the shaft housing. The electric spindle is an additional motor stator that must be opened at one end. Large or specialized electric spindles can be designed with openings at both ends of the shaft housing. The rotor diameter of high-speed, high-power, and ultra high speed electric spindles is often larger than the outer diameter of the bearings. In order to control the assembly accuracy of the whole machine, the installation part of the rear bearing should be designed to have a seamless fit.

(2) The shaft is the main rotating body of a high-speed electric spindle. The manufacturing accuracy directly affects the final accuracy of the electric spindle. The shape, positional tolerance, and dimensional accuracy of the finished shaft are high. When the shaft is running at high speed, the vibration caused by eccentric mass seriously affects its dynamic performance, so it is necessary to conduct strict dynamic balance tests on the shaft. Some components installed on the shaft should also be tested for motion balance with the shaft.